Production of motor fuels



Patented May 23 1939 mnoc'rlon or Moron Fonts mam Mueller-Conrad and Robert Uloth, Ludwigshafen-on-the-Bhine. Germany,

assignors to I. G. Farbenindnstrie Aktiengesellsehaft, Irankfort-cn-the-Main, Germany,

No Drawing. Application December 24, .1935, 8e-

rial No. 58,087. 1034 In Germany December 29,

v8 Claima. (Cl. 196-13) -The present invention relates to improvements in the production of motor fuels.

We have foundthat motor fuels, or additions to other motor fuels, having-excellent non-knocking properties are obtained by. extracting zlnes or benzine fractions with acetonitrile and using the extracts. The treatment with acetonitrlle may be efl'ected with special advantage by treating with acetonitriie bennlnes having difierent boiling ranges which may be obtained by splitting up a definite initial benzlne. into several fractions asfor example light benzine boiling up to from 100 to 130 C. and heavy benzlne boiling above from 100 to 130 C. or other fractions having other boiling point ranges. whereby in. each case a separation takes place ,into a layer which consists of a'solution in acetonitrileof a'b'enzine having'better non-knocking properties than the benzine employed as initial material, and a layer having lower nonknocking power. The layers are separated, the acetonitrile is removed by suitable methods from the acetonitrile solution, as for example from a heavy benzine fraction boiling higher than acetonitriie or from a light benzlne fraction boiling lower than acetonitrile by simple distillation, and from a benzine fraction boiling from 70'. to110 C. for example by washing with water,

. and the extracts may be employed as such or mixed with each other or with other motor fuels, as for example with non-pretreated benzlne in proportions which depend on the non-knocking.

' effect which it is desired to obtain. There may also be added to the extracts fractions of the benzine residues remaining after the extraction, as for example the portion of the treated heavy benzine of low anti-knock power.

For the extraction according to the present invention usually from 0.1 to 10 parts of acetonitriie and preferably from 1 to 3 parts of the substance are employed per each part of benzine or benzine fraction, but the acetonitrile may also be employed in larger or smaller amounts.

The treatment of the benzine is preferably effected at ordinary temperature, but reduced or increased temperatures may also be used. The extraction may be carried out in suitable apparatus, as for example in av stirring apparatus,

in a trickling column or in turbo or orifice mixers, with the whole amount of solvent at once or in several stages. The action of the acetonitrile may be improved by suitable additions which reduce the solubility of theacetonitrile in benzine. such as water, formamideor glycol.

The following examples will further illustrate the nature of this invention but the invention is not restricted to these examples. The parts are by volume. I Example 1 Benzine is split up into a light and heavy benzne fraction. The heavy benzine boiling above 130 C. and having an octane value of 68 is treated with acetonitrile in the ratio of 1:1 at 20 C. After separating the two layers formed and removing the acetonitrile, there are obtained: y

la) 31.66 parts having an octane value of 90 and (b) 68 parts having an octane value of 59 The light benzihe boiling up to 130 C. and

- having an octane value of '72 is treated with acetonitrile in the ratio of 1:1. There are obtained:

(0) 22 parts having an octane value of 82 and (d) 78 parts having an octane value of By mixing the anti-knock fractions (0) and (c) there are obtained 25.8 parts of ber'izine having an octane value of 86 as compared with 7.0 for the initial benzine. By mixing the 25.8 parts having an octane value of 86 with 43.2 parts of the light benzine (d) having an octane value of 65, there are obtained 69 parts of benzine having an octane value of '15. v 0

g The anti-knock-fractions (a) .and (c) may be employed each as such or both together in any admixture with each other.

Example 2 (a) 54 parts of a benzine having a specific gravity of 0.768, a refractive index "of n $=ma31 V and an octane value of 79, and (b) 46 parts of a benzine having 'a specific gravity of 0.738, a refractive index of nig==L4128 and an octane value of 54.

Fraction (a) may be employed alone or in agmixture with any desired portion of traction What we claim is:

1. A process for dividing a liquid hydrocarbon mixture boiling within the boiling point ranges of benzine into fractions having diil'erent octane values which comprises treating the said liquid hydrocarbon mixture with acetonitrile, two separate layers thus being formed, separating the said layers from each other and removing acetonitrile from the layer containing the bulk of acetonitrile.

2. A process for dividing a liquid hydrocarbon mixture boiling within the boiling point ranges of benzine into fractions having diflerent octane values which comprises treating the said liquid hydrocarbon mixture with acetonitrile, two separate layers thus being formed, separating the said layers from each other and removing acetonitrile from the layer containing the bulk of acetonitrile and from the other layer.

3. A process for preparing from a benzine a fraction having a better octane value than said benzine which comprises treating said benzine with acetonitrile. two separate layers thus being formed. separating the said layers from each Patent No. 2,159,175.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification CERTIFICATE or commoner.

other and removing acetonitrile from the layer containing the bulk of acetonitrile.

4. A process for the production of a nonknocking motor fuel which comprises treating a plurality of benzine fractions having difl'erent boiling point'ranges with acetonitrile. separating from each fraction the acetonitrile-soluble subfraction, removingacetonitrile from each acetonitrile-soluble subfraction and then combining the subfractlons.

A process for preparing a non-knocking motor fuel from a benzine which comprises dividing saidbenzine into a plurality of fractions having different boiling point ranges then treat- IIARTIN HUELLER-GUNRADI,. ET AL.

of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, sec- 0nd column, line zit-25; olaiia 6, for "acetonitrile-soluble" read, acetonitril ih i and that the said Letters latent should be-read with this correction therein thatthe same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 6th day of Februar a. D. 191 .0.

(seal) Henry Van ars'dale,

Acting Qonsnissioner of Patents.

Fraction (a) may be employed alone or in agmixture with any desired portion of traction What we claim is:

1. A process for dividing a liquid hydrocarbon mixture boiling within the boiling point ranges of benzine into fractions having diil'erent octane values which comprises treating the said liquid hydrocarbon mixture with acetonitrile, two separate layers thus being formed, separating the said layers from each other and removing acetonitrile from the layer containing the bulk of acetonitrile.

2. A process for dividing a liquid hydrocarbon mixture boiling within the boiling point ranges of benzine into fractions having diflerent octane values which comprises treating the said liquid hydrocarbon mixture with acetonitrile, two separate layers thus being formed, separating the said layers from each other and removing acetonitrile from the layer containing the bulk of acetonitrile and from the other layer.

3. A process for preparing from a benzine a fraction having a better octane value than said benzine which comprises treating said benzine with acetonitrile. two separate layers thus being formed. separating the said layers from each Patent No. 2,159,175.

It is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification CERTIFICATE or commoner.

other and removing acetonitrile from the layer containing the bulk of acetonitrile.

4. A process for the production of a nonknocking motor fuel which comprises treating a plurality of benzine fractions having difl'erent boiling point'ranges with acetonitrile. separating from each fraction the acetonitrile-soluble subfraction, removingacetonitrile from each acetonitrile-soluble subfraction and then combining the subfractlons.

A process for preparing a non-knocking motor fuel from a benzine which comprises dividing saidbenzine into a plurality of fractions having different boiling point ranges then treat- IIARTIN HUELLER-GUNRADI,. ET AL.

of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 2, sec- 0nd column, line zit-25; olaiia 6, for "acetonitrile-soluble" read, acetonitril ih i and that the said Letters latent should be-read with this correction therein thatthe same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 6th day of Februar a. D. 191 .0.

(seal) Henry Van ars'dale,

Acting Qonsnissioner of Patents. 

